R code for logit generates values greater than 1? -


the logistic transformation supposed generate values in (0,1). if @ following logistic transformation, see creates values greater 1. going wrong?

lambda1=0 out=matrix(na,400,1) (i in 1:400){   lambda1[i+1]=((exp(0.8*lambda1[i]+rnorm(1)))/(1+exp(0.8*lambda1[i]+rnorm(1))))   out[i]=lambda1[i] }

each time call rnorm(1) getting different random draw, random value in numerator , denominator may different.

note exp(x) / (1+exp(x)) equivalent 1 / (1 + exp(-x)), instead do:

lambda1=0 out=matrix(na,400,1) (i in 1:400){   lambda1[i+1]=(1/(1+exp(-(0.8*lambda1[i]+rnorm(1)))))   out[i]=lambda1[i] } summary(lambda1) #    min. 1st qu.  median    mean 3rd qu.    max.  #  0.0000  0.4523  0.6352  0.6119  0.7719  0.9682

note: large vectors, find more efficient preallocate lambda1 , compute out @ end in 1 shot (i'll assume want elements 2 through 401 in out instead of elements 1 through 400):

lambda1 <- rep(0, 401) (i in 1:400) lambda1[i+1]=(1/(1+exp(-(0.8*lambda1[i]+rnorm(1))))) out <- matrix(tail(lambda1, -1))

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

c# - Validate object ID from GET to POST -

i have method allows user access comment have made on site. have post method lets them update comment. my normal solution send entire comment model through, let them update it, update on database when post back. involve sending commentid through in hiddenfor , can manipulated. how can verify commentid sent in get method same i'm getting in post , not able alter comment wish? how can verify commentid sent in method same i'm getting in post? basically have validate following things in post - user logged-in user. authenticated users post comments. commentid in post , should valid commentid , should present in database. userid associated logged-in user should same userid associated comment . comment should contain userid column, can check @ time of update. to make sure update happens comment has been sent in get - hold commentid in session , in post action compare commentid value in session .
Read more

node.js - Custom Model Validator SailsJS -

when using custom model validator checks record within model. return within spread doesn't seem end control flow. //post.js model /** * custom validator **/ types: { isuservalid: function(user_id) { var promise = require('bluebird'); promise.all([ user.findone({id: user_id}) ]) .spread(function(user) { console.log(user); if (user === null || user === undefined) { console.log('failed'); return false; }else{ console.log('passed'); return true; } }); } }, my response standard validation failed response. { "error": "e_validation", "status": 400, "summary": "1 attribute invalid", "model": "post", "invalidattributes": { "owner": [ { "rule": "isuservalid", ...
Read more

php - Find a regex to take part of Email -

i have following emails need extract part from: bestellnummer xxx: 1 von xxx, 1er pack ------------- anfang der nachricht ------------- foo bar baz foo bar baz // <<<<< need text here ------------- ende der nachricht ------------- ------------- anfang der nachricht ------------- foo bar baz foo bar baz ------------- ende der nachricht ------------- there 0 unlimited occurences of ------------- anfang der nachricht ------------- ------------- ende der nachricht ------------- and i'm able extract first part regex: $re = "/------------- .*? -------------.?(.*?).?------------- .*? -------------/s"; but, i'm quite new on learning regex, i'm pretty sure there must better regex extract part (foo bar baz foo bar baz) of text between ------------- anfang der nachricht ------------- ------------- ende der nachricht ------------- as can in different languages, i'm using .? to match between hyphens. i...
Read more